A Wandering Elf
  • A Wandering Elf
  • Blog: My Journey
  • Iron Age Celtic Studies
  • A Wandering Elf in the Woods
  • Classes
  • Resources: Sheep & Wool
  • Resources: Costume and Textiles
  • Resources: Migration Era
  • Resources: Historic Glass Beads

Building Surveys for Reenactment

11/15/2018

0 Comments

 
I think anyone that has poked around my blog realizes that I love compiling data for archaeological finds.  I can spend months digging through all of my materials for instances of cord sewn to edges or looking for stripes and plaids in textiles.  I have dozens of excel sheets set up for any number of topics (from embroidery to tablet weaving to tapestry to width of hems) to collect information as I read because eventually I will have enough of the sources covered that I can publish some useful information on it here (or add it to one of my classes).

This week a friend told me she was urged to start a survey of a certain practice in period and here is the advice that I offered:

Define
To start, I recommend you sit down and work out the exact definition of the item is for your study. If you are doing embroidery, for example, what would qualify in terms of your survey? Would the stickerie metal work at Birka count? Would a single like of stem stitch across a hem count? Are you doing figurative motifs only or more simple as well? If you are doing tablet weaving, are you only counting metal brocade, or will it be all tablet weaving?  Do starting borders from a warp-weighted loom count or are you only collecting information on bands?

Timeframe
Next you need to define your time. Viking Age (by which definition)? Iron Age (which definition/culture)? A solid set of years (example 500-1000CE, or 100-1000CE, or just 9th and 10th century)?

Location (or Culture)
Then determine geography... British Isles, Northern Europe, Eastern Europe, all of Europe? What do you do with pieces that might have been moved across borders. Do you count it based on likely origin or where it was found?  If the item you are studying is Saxon, are you looking at those items that were stolen and traded elsewhere, or just those within the British Isles.

Keep Notes
Once you have all that I highly recommend you start an excel sheet to keep a list of each item, making columns for the most relevant things (date of item, culture it originates from, stitch types, ground cloth, fibres used, colors, whatever, size of piece, whatever it is). Make sure you have a column there for the source of your data as well and keep a bibliography with it.   Sometimes I also keep a powerpoint for a category where I drop pictures and relevant data (and a note about the source) on each slide.  Later I can print these if necessary and shift through them to try to make sense of what I have.  (And beyond that, I made notes on the source documents themselves in Mendeley.com)

Context
And then there is the absolutely most important thing when it comes to a survey.... context. How was this thing used historically? Who used it? What was their status? Was it home goods, decoration or clothing? If you want to make resource that others can use as well and nothing is more valuable than that bit of information. An embroidery that was used as part of an ecclesiastical covering does would not be appropriate for lower class clothing.  Metal thread tablet weaving is very different in context than a starting border for a piece of cloth.  A coin repurposed as a pendant has a different significance than loose coins.  Context lets others know whether the item might or might not be applicable to the persona/kit they are building. 

Remember that you can always go back and change or add parameters to your survey later. For example, if you set your dates to 9th and 10th century and British Isles only then discover many examples in the 8th century that heavily relate to your initial material, you can expand on your original plan. You can also keep notes of things that might not fit the survey, but that are still relevant in some way and add them as peripheral evidence if that applies.



Picture
Picture
0 Comments

SCA Research Papers

7/19/2018

0 Comments

 
A friend just shared this blog post about SCA Research Papers and I have to say that I really like the way things are laid out.  I plan to use some of the notes in it for future organization myself.

https://sibellasays.wordpress.com/2018/07/17/writing-research-papers-in-an-sca-context/


Thanks to Baroness Sibella for the thoughtful resource!

0 Comments

Library: NESAT (7 & 10)

3/28/2018

1 Comment

 
There are certain books that you just need in your collection.  Some of them cover only one topic, such as Birka III (the textiles volume of the Birka finds), often though, the best gems are single articles within a larger book.  The entire series of the NESAT books (North-European Symposium for Archaeological Textiles) is worth looking at if you have a chance.  If you are in the US, most of them are available via ILL, and several are still in print or available as a Kindle edition.  Every single one of them has a valuable article for the Viking Age (or ever several).  I believe some of the articles in the older volumes are starting to show up on sites like Academia.edu for free download, but I still recommend taking the time to look at the books for yourself as even some of the peripheral topics can help you get a good feel for a period or a practice.

I will concentrate on Volume 7 and 10 here, and will cover the other still-in-print volumes (11, 12 and 13) later this week, hopefully.  13 was just released, so I have not yet gotten that one myself, but I will include some information on it as well.  (I will eventually review all of the books, but am starting with these.)


NESAT VII was my introduction to this series.  I was looking for articles by Michael L. Ryder on sheep evolution and stumbled across this book (which was still available in the hardcover edition on Amazon at the time). I bought it for that article, but there are several others that absolutely helped further my knowledge by introducing me to key researchers.  You can still get the Kindle version very inexpensively, or a paperback copy.  My favorites are:

Ryder, M.L.  "The Human Development of Different Fleece-Types in Sheep and Its Association with the Development of Textile Crafts"

Hedeager Krag, Anne. "Denmark - Europe: Dress and Fashion in Denmark's Viking Age"

Andersson, Eva. "Textile Production at Birka: Household Needs or Organised Workshops"

Rædar Knudsen, Lise. "Brocaded Tablet-Woven Bands:  Same Appearance, Different Weaving Technique, Hørning, Hvilehøj and Mammen" (If you are a tablet weaver, you need the chart that accompanies this article.)

NESAT X was the second volume I purchased (before tracking older copies down on ebay or via ILL), and I still refer back to this book frequently as well.  You can still get this one in a paperback copy.

Hedeager Krag, Anne.  "Oriental Influences in the Danish Viking Age Caftan and Belt with Pouch"

Zubkova, Elena S, Olga V. Orfinskaya, and Kirill A. Mikhailov.  "Studies of the Textiles from the 2006 Excavation in Pskov"

I also found a few of the articles on medieval garment construction "Construction and Sewing Technique in Secular Medieval Garments" and "Garments for a Queen" to be very helpful even if they do not relate directly to my Viking studies.  This volume is also provides a great start on my Migration era studies with articles on the finds from Tegle and Helgaland, textile crafting in the period and dye analysis from Iron Age Denmark.

A Wandering Elf participates in the Amazon Associates program and a small commission is earned on qualifying purchases.
1 Comment

Bibliographies

3/19/2018

0 Comments

 
While I typically include bibliographies with specific articles that I post here, I also maintain master bibliographies.  They can be found under the "More..." button at the top of this site.  There is one for Sheep & Wool and I just started one for my Migration Era research.  There is a third for Viking Age research, and I will post there a link for my master bibliography excel sheet once it is updated (it is taking me some time, because I never kept a master bibliography when I started my studies).
0 Comments

Method to my Madness and the Migration Project

3/12/2018

2 Comments

 

I mentioned in my previous library post that I am starting to look into textiles and costume before the Viking Age.  I quite excited about this project, not just because it is "new" but because I also love to see how textiles and textile production changes over time.  I learned a lot (and made a great deal of mistakes, mostly in terms of organization) with Viking Age research, so I am hoping to apply the methods that worked better for me this time around (and spend less time reverse-documenting).

My first step in this adventure was to sort through my sources.  While collecting material for Viking costume research, I also was pulling articles and books for earlier periods because they were of interest even then.  Some of the items, such as Lise Bender Jørgensen's Prehistoric Scandinavian Textiles, I have already read, but some were just stuffed in random folders on my many drives waiting to be explored.

I decided I want my first costume to represent approximately 500CE Norway. The focus of my reading will be 0-600CE and center around Scandinavia and northern Germany, with other areas (and slightly earlier and later dates), serving as peripheral finds.

After gathering items in, more or less, on place, I needed to sift through what appeared to be most important and decide where to start.  For this, I opted for the Jørgensen volume mentioned above, as well as her book Northern European Textiles.  I have read both volumes several times, so it was a matter of refreshing my memory on the details of the earlier material.

It also gives me a quick overview of the textiles available during that time.  I opted to make some charts (similar to those I have in this blog for the Viking Age) based on the data available in these books.
​
Picture
Picture
I pulled out several books that I have in hard copy to decide what I need to read or re-read, and have selected Iconic Costumes, Textiles and Textile Production in Europe: From Prehistory to AD 400, Ancient Danish Textiles from Bogs and Burials (and am keeping a copy of the new dating for some of the items with that one), the Cambridge History of Western Textiles and The Högom Find and Other Migration Period Textiles and Costume in Scandinavia.  I am also in the process of pulling out the most relevant articles from sources such as ATN and NESAT (an example being "Hammerum: the Find of the Century" from NESAT 11).

Over the next month I will be reading each of these items (and others) and taking notes as I go.  In an attempt to make myself less crazy later, I am adding them as I finish them to my master bibliography (which is annotated and allows me to place each work in a variety of sources).  For those that I have digitally, I am uploading them to my Mendeley account and highlighting and annotating them within the system.

Further, I keep an excel sheet of data points that I find interesting (this is how I managed all of my entries for my article on Viking Age plaids and stripes, as well as my notes on things like colored linen, or fine open weave wools that serve as head coverings).  You can see below an example of a book opened in Mendely and where I am adding a note, as well as how I tend to categorize things within a spreadsheet (so far this sheet has tabs for stitches, colored textiles, and interesting notes, and there will be more added as I find points of interest that I want to track).
​
Picture
I also often keep a project planning powerpoint, where I can drop images that directly related to the item I want to make (in this case a costume).  In this case there is a slide with the timeframe and location, the textile information/charts I craft, and slides that cover relevant visual items, such as screenshots of the Hammerum girl's dress.

It might seem like much, but the repetition is what helps to sort the material out in my brain, and allows me to remember it.  (And, in the event I cannot, I can now also just run searches on Mendeley or my spreadsheet to find something.)

For this project I have taken one additional step, and that is to create a Migration Era study group on Facebook where others interested can join in on the research and exploration.  I hope that the group grows and that everyone enjoys delving in.

​If you want to follow along here, I will be using the Migration Era/Iron Age category for my posts!

2 Comments

Library: Iconic Costumes

3/10/2018

0 Comments

 
Ulla Mannering, at the National Museum of Denmark, is one of the authors whose work I will go out of my way to track down.  Many of her works focus on the Viking Age, which is how I was introduced it to, but I also am just now starting down the Migration Era and Iron Age trail of research for Scandinavia, and I am attempting to absorb as much of her papers as I can on the topic as well.

I cannot recommend this book enough to people interested in either time period.  It is well-illustrated and covers many forms of iconography for the time (metalwork,  tapestries, etc.).  She analyzes the figures and interprets the costume arrangements in them.  By far of most interest to me, however, is the last portion of the book that discusses the textile evidence of the period.  There are great images of the extant garments as well as pertinent information about them.

I found this book mildly helpful with my Viking research, but it is exceptionally helpful now that I am looking at earlier periods and the transition between the eras.


​A Wandering Elf participates in the Amazon Associates program and a small commission is earned on qualifying purchases.
0 Comments

Sometimes you just stumble on the very best of the net...

2/26/2018

0 Comments

 
I needed a date for one of the Danish bog finds (and it was not detailed very well in Hald's book).  I searched and hit this site that is a wealth of information, including dates for many items and a gallery that is positively incredible Byzantine and Egyptian textiles and garments.

Go poke around, I guarantee you wont regret it:  http://www.textile-dates.uni-bonn.de/findspot_list.phpwww.textile-dates.uni-bonn.de/findspot_list.php

0 Comments

Library: Cloth & Clothing in Early Anglo Saxon England

2/13/2018

2 Comments

 
Picture
This book is fantastic.  I sadly missed my chance to buy it right before it went out of print (I had to choose between this volume and Heckett's book on the Dublin headcoverings), and I regretted not picking it up.  I did ILL and read the book, but that is not the same as having it in some form.  

If you are interested in Saxon costume, or early period costume, you really must download this book, which is now offered for free here:  http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archiveDS/archiveDownload?t=arch-281-1/dissemination/pdf/RR145.pdf

​
This book covers textiles, textile production, clothing, embellishment, and jewelry.  If you are interested in this time period, this book easily offers enough material to get you started.



2 Comments

Difference of Opinion

1/17/2018

1 Comment

 
It is fairly common knowledge to those who work with Viking Age or other early garments that while we have number finds of textiles, that they are often incomplete.  The research to piece something together often has to extend beyond a single grave or even beyond an entire site or city to cobble together enough material to make things work.  To help with this we often need to resort to period art objects, as well as written sources outside of the Scandinavia to come up with reasonable, logical arguments for our work.

When someone is new to this field, there seems to be a great deal of confusion about what I call the Woulda/Coulda/Shouldas of reenacting, as well as the intricacy of "burden of proof" and where that rests.  I have talked before about the former on many occasions.  Being able to eliminate those things from our thought processes can really help to gain new perspective and elevate our work.

To help illustrate this type of methodology, I have pulled out two examples of excellent work by reenactors in creating well thought out, and highly documentable reconstructions of the same costume.  I chose these because both artisans worked heavily with archaeological evidence, additional evidence in near by locations or cultures and within a certain frame of time (rather than a broad stretch), yet both of these skilled women produced very different items.

For background, both Astri Bryde and Sophia Helen chose to recreate the costume of the Oseberg Queen.  This burial dates to about 834AD and had two women (presumed to be a queen and her attendant) in one of the most elaborate graves from the Viking Age.  This grave was discovered in 1903 by a farmer and the excavation started soon after.  It was a high status ship burial that included cart with incredible carvings, a bed, textiles and tools of their production, and a number of other items, ranging from functional to highly decorative.
Picture

​There are some additional details to consider when looking at this grave.  One is that textiles were not always treated as important at the time when this was excavated.  Another item of interest is that there was no jewelry (aside from a couple of stray beads) found at this site, some thing that is very unusual for a high status female grave of the period.  The condition of the textiles, possible disturbance in the grave, and the lack of jewelry leads to a great deal of speculation about the costume of these two women.  

What both Astri and Sophia have done is taken the facts that we do have (the textiles), knowledge of clothing of the period, including foreign fashion which is often proposed as an alternate costume for those of the highest status, and crafted well thought out costumes for this queen.  Below are their gowns, and with that I have added information about them (not based on any written documentation they produced, as they are not members of the SCA, but rather it comes from my own knowledge about the graves).
Picture
This dress conforms to the source material showing layers of red garments.  Astri Bryde chose to use the silk strips found in the grave, as well as other details, to build an aprondress-based costume.  There are theories that there would have indeed been jewelry in the grave and that the grave was likely robbed (not uncommon), so she chose to work with known costume elements from the period from other sites.  (Photo used with permission.)
Picture
Sophia Helen opted to craft the style of dress discussed in the original textile publications on Oseberg.  This garment also adheres to the textile elements found in the grave (including the silk fabric applique) and the idea of layers of red.  Design styling was inspired by the costumes of foreign high-status individuals that more than a few academics believe was adopted by some of the wealthy Norse men and women of the period (there was even written an example of this by foreign author in a period text).  (Photo used with permission.)
St 
Both of these dresses are beautiful.  Both conform to existing evidence, as well as sources and logical methodology.  Both of these dresses were not merely possible, but very plausible for the period.  We cannot really say which is correct, but what we cannot say is that either is wrong.  They are both valid interpretations.

Both artisans created garments that bring to life the evidence.  What they did not do, was make blind assumptions or illogical arguments for styling of these gowns.  

What could have mired these fantastic interpretations?  Woulda/coulda/shouldas.  These can be the worst of the traps that reenactors can fall into, in my opinion (and I have done so myself on more than one occasions, especially when I was starting out).  Examples are:
  • I would have done it that way if I lived back then (ignoring the fact that if you lived back then that you would have a completely different mind-set than you do now).
  • They could have done it because the Saxons did (while this one could well prove true for some things, you need to do the work to prove it... the burden of proof is on the person making the statement so research, sources and a good argument really have to back a statement like this).
  • They should have done it because it makes sense to me (you are a modern person, they lived in a different world, and might well have had reasons, practical or not, for the things they did... again, the burden of proof is on you to show why this was an option for the person of the period).
  • It is very important to remember that if we want to really dig into the past, we absolutely have to avoid logical fallacies such as the blind assumption that something is absolutely true just because it cannot be disproved.  If we could do that, I could say that the red cloth in the grave was all rags and they really wore modern evenings gowns while walking around.  Yes, that is completely ridiculous, but it is really not much different than making the assumption that this woman actually wore modern styled, red, bell bottom jeans, despite that literary, artistic and archaeological evidence point away from the idea of women dressing in pants, or that the pants we can see from the pre-medieval era are quire different in construction than our jeans. That is not to say that the concept is completely impossible (new evidence appears daily), but that it is not at all supported by any type of evidence that we have, and evidence, as well as a logical progression of thought surrounding it, is very key in how we can make a believable case for a period piece.

We need to make the closest connections we can with the limited evidence in the period to make sound arguments for our choices.  Both of the artisans I chose have done wonderful work on many levels, and their garments speak for themselves.

If you are interested in doing more reading on the fascinating grave from Oseberg, here are some resources:

Bender Jørgensen, Lise.  Prehistoric Scandinavian Textiles, (Det Kongelige Nordiske oldskriftselskab), 1986.

Bill, J., & Daly, A. (2012). The plundering of the ship graves from Oseberg and Gokstad: An example of power politics? Antiquity, 86(333), 808-824.

Christensen, Arne Emil and Nockert, Margareta. Osebergfunnet: bind iv, Tekstilene (Universitetet i Oslo), 2006.  (This is part of a 4 book series that covers the ship itself, the grave goods and the textiles.  The entire series is worth looking at.)

Christensen, Arne Emil; Ingstad, Anne Stine; and Myhre, Bjorn.   Oseberg-Dronningens Grav (Universitetets Oldsaksampling), 1992.

Holk, Peter. "The Oseberg Ship Burial, Norway: New Thoughts On the Skeletons from the Grave Mound", European Journal of Archaeology, Volume 9, Issue 2-3, 2006.

Ingstad, Anne Stein.  "The Textiles in the Oseberg Ship". http://forest.gen.nz/Medieval/articles/Oseberg/textiles/TEXTILE.HTM

Ingstad, Anne Stein.  "The Functional Textiles in the Oseberg Ship", NESAT 1, 1981. ​

Ingstad, Anne Stein. "Textiles from Oseberg, Gotland and Kaupang", NESAT 2, 1984.

Ruffoni, Kirsten.  "Viking Age Queens: The Example of Oseberg", Masters Thesis, 2011.


Stylegar, Frans-Arne and Niels Bonde. Fra Avaldsnes til Oseberg. Dendrokronologiske undersøkelser av skipsgravene fra Storhaug og Grønhaug på Karmøy.

Vedeler, Marianne. "The Textile Interior in the Oseberg Burial Chamber", A Stitch in Time: Essays im Honour of Lise Bender Jørgensen, 2014.

Vedeler, Marianne. Silk for the Vikings (Oxbow Books), 2014.


1 Comment

Excellent resource for possaments!

1/11/2018

0 Comments

 
Someone compiled a data base with images and information on the finds for Viking Age possaments.  Enjoy!

http://database.birkaposamente.de/graves
0 Comments
<<Previous
Forward>>

    About Me

    I dance, race cars, play video games and am on a fantastic journey to recreate the past via costume, textiles, dance and food.

    A Wandering Elf participates in the Amazon Associates program and a small commission is earned on qualifying purchases. 
    ​

    Archives

    May 2022
    March 2022
    March 2021
    February 2021
    September 2020
    August 2020
    July 2020
    June 2020
    May 2020
    March 2020
    January 2020
    December 2019
    November 2019
    September 2019
    July 2019
    June 2019
    May 2019
    April 2019
    March 2019
    February 2019
    January 2019
    November 2018
    October 2018
    September 2018
    August 2018
    July 2018
    June 2018
    May 2018
    April 2018
    March 2018
    February 2018
    January 2018
    December 2017
    November 2017
    September 2017
    August 2017
    July 2017
    June 2017
    May 2017
    April 2017
    March 2017
    February 2017
    January 2017
    December 2016
    November 2016
    October 2016
    September 2016
    August 2016
    July 2016
    June 2016
    May 2016
    April 2016
    March 2016
    February 2016
    January 2016
    December 2015
    November 2015
    October 2015
    September 2015
    August 2015
    July 2015
    June 2015
    May 2015
    April 2015
    March 2015
    February 2015
    January 2015
    December 2014
    November 2014
    October 2014
    September 2014
    August 2014
    July 2014
    June 2014
    May 2014
    April 2014
    March 2014
    February 2014
    January 2014
    December 2013
    November 2013
    October 2013
    September 2013
    August 2013
    July 2013
    June 2013
    May 2013
    April 2013
    March 2013
    February 2013
    January 2013
    December 2012
    November 2012
    October 2012
    September 2012

    Categories

    All
    12th Night
    14th Century
    AEthelmearc
    Aprondress
    Awards
    Bog Dress
    Dance
    Dance Name
    Distaff
    Dyeing
    Embroidery
    Fiber Arts
    Flax Growing
    Food
    Glass
    Haberci
    Headcoverings
    Inspirations
    In The News
    Library
    List Of Links
    Machine Embroidery
    Metal Clay
    Mid Month Inspiration
    Migration Era/Iron Age
    My Documents
    Ottoman
    Ottoman Fabrics
    Pennsic
    Publications
    Research
    Rigid Heddle
    Sca
    SCA Camping
    SCA Forestry
    Sca Name
    Sca Newcomer
    Sewing
    Sheep
    Spinning
    Tips
    Totally Not SCA
    Viking
    Viking Bead Research
    Viking Costume: Beyond The Myth
    Viking Swatch Book
    Viking Textiles Looking Deeper
    Weaving
    Wool


      Email Updates

    Subscribe to Newsletter

    Blogroll of SCA & Costume Bloggers

    Below is a collection of some of my favorite places online to look for SCA and historic costuming information.

    More Amie Sparrow - 16th Century German Costuming


    Gianetta Veronese - SCA and Costuming Blog

    Grazia Morgano - 16th Century A&S

    Mistress Sahra -Dress From Medieval Turku 

    Hibernaatiopesäke

    Loose Threads: Cathy's Costume Blog

    Mistress Mathilde Bourrette - By My Measure: 14th and 15th Century Costuming

    More than Cod: Exploring Medieval Norway

    RSS Feed


Proudly powered by Weebly